The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) continues to serve as a lifeline for millions of Americans struggling with food insecurity. As of fiscal year 2025, which runs from October 1, 2024, through September 30, 2025, updated income limits and eligibility rules play a crucial role in determining who qualifies for assistance. Understanding these guidelines can help individuals and families assess whether they’re eligible to receive benefits.
Updated Gross Income Limits for 2025
SNAP eligibility is largely determined by income, specifically gross monthly income—the total income before deductions. For most applicants, gross income must fall below 130% of the federal poverty level (FPL). These limits vary by household size and apply in 48 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Here are the gross monthly income thresholds:
- 1-person household: $1,632
- 2-person household: $2,215
- 3-person household: $2,798
- 4-person household: $3,380
- Each additional person: Add $583
Households with elderly (aged 60 or older) or disabled members may qualify under a higher income threshold—165% of the FPL—if they meet other criteria.
Higher Income Limits for Elderly or Disabled Households
Certain households can qualify for SNAP with higher gross incomes if they include elderly or disabled individuals and meet specific household definitions. For example, a single elderly or disabled person living alone may have up to $2,071 in monthly income and still qualify for assistance.
Net Income Limits: What Counts After Deductions
In addition to gross income, net income—the amount remaining after allowable deductions—is also used to determine eligibility. Unless a household includes an elderly or disabled person, both gross and net income limits must be met.
For 2025, the net income limits (100% of FPL) are:
- 1-person household: $1,255
- 2-person household: $1,704
- 3-person household: $2,152
- 4-person household: $2,600
Common deductions from gross income include:
- 20% of earned income
- Unreimbursed medical expenses (for elderly/disabled)
- Dependent care costs
- Excess housing and utility expenses
These deductions are essential for lowering income to meet SNAP’s net income requirements.
Resource Limits and Exceptions
Beyond income, households must also meet resource limits, which refer to countable assets such as cash, savings, and certain property. For most households, the cap is $3,000, while those with an elderly or disabled member can have up to $4,500 in resources.
However, many states use Broad-Based Categorical Eligibility (BBCE) rules, which allow for higher resource limits or eliminate them altogether.
Not counted as resources:
- Primary residence
- Retirement accounts (e.g., 401(k), IRA)
- Resources of individuals receiving TANF or SSI
Vehicle Rules for SNAP
Vehicles may or may not count as resources, depending on their use. If a vehicle is used for work, transporting a disabled person, or as a home, it is not counted toward the resource limit.
Other vehicles are subject to a fair market value and equity test, which may reduce their impact on eligibility depending on the state’s rules.
How to Apply for SNAP in Your State
SNAP applications must be submitted in the state where you currently live. While the application process varies slightly by state, it generally involves:
- Filling out an application form (online, by mail, or in person)
- Completing an interview (usually by phone or in person)
- Providing verification documents such as pay stubs, rent receipts, and utility bills
If approved, you’ll receive a Benefits Transfer (EBT) card, which works like a debit card and is reloaded monthly with your SNAP benefit amount.
Final Thoughts
Understanding the income and resource limits for SNAP in 2025 is essential for determining your eligibility. With clear rules for both gross and net income, along with deductions and exemptions for assets, the program ensures that those with the greatest need have access to food assistance. For help starting your application, contact your state’s SNAP office or visit their official website.
